International standards help ensure wind turbines withstand external conditions.
According to statistics from the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), global power generation capacity increased by 167 GW and reached 2,179 GW worldwide at the end of 2017, representing an annual growth of about 8. 3%. Behind only solar photovoltaics (PV), wind increased by 10% with three-quarters of new capacity installed in five countries: China (15 GW), US (6 GW), Germany (6 GW), UK ( 4 GW) and India (4 GW).
So the question is how can wind turbines withstand storms? With extreme weather becoming more frequent, wind turbine manufacturers must ensure from the outset that their equipment will withstand all weather conditions throughout their lifetime.
According to Mr. Sandy Butterfield, President of IECRE, the IEC system certifies standards related to equipment used in renewable energy applications, for the wind energy, solar PV and marine energy industries. Current IEC standards help strengthen wind turbines.
In fact, all wind turbines of a commercial nature are designed to meet international standards, specifically the IEC 61400 series of standards, developed by IEC Technical Committee (TC) 88. IECRE is The only international and transparent certification system that can assess whether a turbine design meets the requirements defined in the standards. Turbine design conditions have been defined in the IEC 61400-1 standard, which includes external environmental conditions along with a variety of turbine operating conditions, which onshore wind turbines must meet to meet the requirements. certification request. The IEC 61400-3 standard covers external conditions for offshore turbine designs.
Mr. Butterfield also said that most offshore and onshore wind turbines are designed to withstand winds of 70 m/s (155 mph, nearly 250 km/h) (IEC Level I), large than most storms today. The latest revision of IEC 61400-1, in the final stages of approval, contains a special design class for areas with extremely strong winds, which can occur due to tropical cyclones, also known as storm in the Atlantic Ocean. The new class of designs increases the extreme wind speeds for which wind turbines are designed to about 80 m/s (nearly 180 mph, about 290 km/h) and allows wind turbines to be designed for external conditions. more harshly when necessary.
Where wind turbines are installed offshore (and onshore) all weather conditions that may occur over the expected life of the project, typically 30 years but not less than 20, must be specifically identified. year. This requires the project developer to collect historical data for their site and use this data to predict a set of design conditions such as extreme winds, storm surges, and waves. , currents and any other weather conditions the turbine may encounter, including tropical cyclones.
There are many design challenges for wind turbines due to the combination of wind (less extreme winds) and waves along with certain wind turbine operating conditions. Designers simulate this combination with highly sophisticated computer modeling to assure themselves, certification bodies, regulators and customers that they have actually addressed all the factors. , extreme weather conditions can damage wind turbines.
Phuong Linh (According to iecetech)
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